What are the MLS substitution rules?

MLS follows FIFAs substitution rules, allowing each team up to 5 substitutions per match. These must be made in a maximum of 3 substitution windows during play, plus halftime. An additional sub is allowed in extra time.

The 5-sub rule was adopted permanently after being introduced temporarily during the pandemic. It has tactical implications, allowing coaches to make more strategic changes and better manage player fitness.